What is orthodontics?

Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental and facial irregularities.  Such irregularities include crowded teeth, crooked teeth, bite problems, etc. 

What is an orthodontist?

An orthodontist is a specialist who has completed a 2 to 3 year orthodontic residency program after graduating from dental school, and received a certificate in orthodontics.  When considering orthodontic treatment, one should keep in mind that general dentists sometimes offer orthodontic treatment as well.  However, dentists might have as little as 2 or 3 days of orthodontic training beyond dental school -- sometimes less!

What are some potential benefits from orthodontics?

• A more attractive smile
• Greater self-esteem
• Better function of the teeth
• Greater self-confidence
• Increased ability to clean the teeth
• Improved force distribution and wear patterns of the teeth
• Better long-term health of teeth and gums
• Guide permanent teeth into more favorable positions
• Reduce the risk of injury to protruded front teeth
• Assisting with other dental treatment, such as crowns and bridges

What are some signs that braces may be needed?

• Upper front teeth protrude excessively over the lower teeth, or are bucked
• Upper front teeth cover the majority of the lower teeth when biting together (deep bite)
• Upper front teeth are behind or inside the lower front teeth (underbite)
• The upper and lower front teeth do not touch when biting together (open bite)
• Crowded or overlapped teeth
• The center of the upper and lower teeth do not line up
• Finger- or thumb-sucking habits which continue after six or seven years of age
• Difficulty chewing
• Teeth wearing excessively
• The lower jaw shifts to one side or the other when biting together
• Spaces between the teeth
• Growth issues

At what age should orthodontic treatment occur?

Orthodontic treatment can be started at any age.  Many orthodontic problems are easier to correct if detected at an early age before jaw growth has slowed.  Early treatment may mean that a patient can avoid more serious complications.  The American Association of Orthodontists recommends that every child visit an orthodontist by age seven so the orthodontist can check for early signs of growth problems.

What is Phase I and Phase II treatment?

Phase I, or "interceptive treatment", is limited orthodontic treatment that is done before all of the permanent teeth have erupted.  Such treatment typically occurs between the ages of seven and twelve.  Phase I treatment is sometimes recommended to make more space for erupting teeth, correct crossbites, underbites, or harmful oral habits, and treat growth issues.  Phase I treatment is almost always followed by Phase II treatment, also called "comprehensive treatment" because it is done once all of the permanent teeth have erupted, usually around age twelve.

Would an adult patient benefit from orthodontics?

Orthodontic treatment works at any age, and everyone wants a beautiful and healthy smile.  Approximately 25% of orthodontic patients today are adults.  It's never too late to have healthy beautiful teeth. 

How does orthodontic treatment work?

Orthodontic appliances (such as braces and Invisalign) use steady, gentle pressure to gradually move teeth into their proper positions.  In the case of braces, tiny brackets are placed on the teeth and a flexible wire attaches them together.  When this wire flexes as it is attached to the brackets it tries to return to its original shape.  As it does so, it applies light pressure that moves the teeth to their new positions.

How long does orthodontic treatment take?

Treatment times vary on a case-by-case basis, but the average time between 18 months and two years.  Actual treatment time can be affected by the rate of growth and amount of correction needed.  Treatment time is most dependent upon patient compliance.  Maintaining good oral hygiene, keeping regular appointments, and following instructions are important in keeping treatment on schedule.

Do braces hurt?

The placement of bands and brackets on the teeth does not hurt.  After braces are placed, teeth may be a bit tender for one to four days.  The lips and cheeks may need one or two weeks to get used to the braces on the teeth. 

Will braces interfere with playing sports?

No.  However, it is recommended that patients protect their smiles by wearing a mouthguard when participating in sports.  We provide mouthguards to our athlete patients at no charge.  Just ask! 

Will braces interfere with playing musical instruments?

No, although there may be an initial brief period of adjustment.  But if one was able to play with crooked teeth, one can play with braces. 

Should I see my general dentist while I have braces?

Yes, you should continue to see your general dentist as usual for cleanings and dental checkups.